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AUTISME Psykolog Per Lorentzen har skrevet en artikkel om funksjonshemming i Dagbladet hvor han argumenterer for andre løsninger enn behavioristisk atferdssterapri. Her finner du artikkelen som sto i Dagbladet Gå inn herMin egen oppgave om relasjoner og mental helse Intervju Stavanger Aftenblad med Lene Elisabeth Høigård - Autismeforeningen i Rogaland Autismeforeningen Våre venner Victor og Gunn som driver fosterhjem/avlastingsbolig etter disse prinsipper. Fra Haugesunds Avis. Alternativ til aferdsterapi En diskusjon med psykolog Arild Karlsen angående Skårsmetoder: www.lende.no/atferd2
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| ISBN | 82-518-3537-2 |
| Antall sider | 200 |
| Pris | kr 238 |
| Utgivelsesår | 1997 |
I denne boken beskrives en tilnærming til multifunksjonshemmede, døvblindfødte og barn med autisme, som bygger på en konsekvent relasjonstenkning. Boken fletter nyere viten om det normale og vanlige utviklingsforløpet inn i en modell for tilnærming til funksjonshemmede barn. Et sentralt tema er hvilke emosjonelle og relasjonelle forutsetninger som må være til stede for at barnet skal utvikle kognitive funksjoner som persepsjon, tenkning, kommunikasjon og språk.
Boken: "I
den beste hensikt, ondskap i behandlingssamfunnet".
Anbefales
Barbro Sætersdal og Kristin Heggen
(red.)
Ondskap dreier seg ikke bare om gruvekkende handlinger som drap, terror og etnisk rensing. Tildekket av «de beste hensikter» og med merkelapper som kostnadseffektivitet, kvalitetssikring og forskningsbasert viten har ondskapens teknikker og logikker fått lov til å utvikle seg også i det moderne behandlingssamfunnet. Det gir seg utslag i handlinger og holdninger som i seg selv ikke er livstruende, men som er egnet til å gi mennesker følelsen av å være betydningsløse, uverdige og avmektige.
Eksempler fra vår egen nære fortid er tvangssterilisering, lobotomi, voldelig atferdsterapi og isolering av mennesker – alt begrunnet i enkeltmenneskets eller samfunnets beste. Det er et tankekors at fortidens misgjerninger ser ut til å opprøre oss sterkere enn vår egen samtids urettferdigheter. Vi snakker f.eks. om rasehygiene som et tilbakelagt stadium. Men hva er det vi har lagt bak oss? Tankegangen, metodene eller teoriene?
Kanskje vi heller burde spørre: Hva ligger foran oss?
Boken: "Fra normalisering til Empowerment" Av Ole Petter Askheim. Anbefales
A THEORY OF PEACE
I år 2000 foreleste jeg ved universitet i Pskov i Psychology of Peace.(www.lende.no/pskov) Her er er et lite utdrag fra mine forelesninger. Jeg kaller Kaja for Natalya - jeg visste ikke på det tidspunktet at Per Lorentzen selv gikk offentlig ut med historien:
COMMUNICATION (blind, deaf and autistic.)
I started thinking along these lines as I was listening to the Norwegian psychologist Per Lorentzen .(I don't know the story exactly, so I'm fantasizing,dramatizing, a bit. Lorentzen was lecturing on and demonstrating with videos and examples how to communicate and interact with children like this.
Natalya is playing with an electric torch. She can see a little bit of light. That's all she wants to do. She is more or less unaware of other people around her. Her parents are buying and buying new batteries. They try to stop her doing it. Then she gets crazy, screaming and banging her head against the wall or whatever. They do everything to modify or change her behavior. They buy expensive toys, lots of them, specially made for handicapped children. They try with "punishments" and rewards. But she will not change. Batteries are expensive. Did they have to buy new batteries every day for the rest of her life? They loved their child and they wanted to make themselves understood, and they wanted Natalya to understand and receive their love.
The parents were reading a lot of stuff on communication and pedagogy. May be also Vygotsky? They got help from the best psychologists. And they started to question: "Why to we treat Natalya different from our 2 year older "normal" child?"
With the older child they played with her. But Natalya they tried to change, make her behave. One of the question they started asking was: "May be change must come from the inside, may be we should not, or could not, impose our things on her?"
And from then on they tried
to enter the world of Natalya. To understand her from her perspective,
playing with her. They started enjoying the torch with her - trying
make her feel that somebody was with her in her world. The truth
that Natalya had was "the flickering" torch. For days and weeks they
played with her . with the torch. Trying to be creative. Professor
Johan Galtung would talk about transcending. Thinking differently.
Slowly Natalya started to
understand that outside there, somebody is wanting to communicate with
me. They speak the language I speak. They understand
"my truth". They had to feed Natalya. One day as they
were eating with her, and also feeding her, Natalya began putting food
in the mouth of her mothers. That was a moving moment. She
interacted. There was a common world of love and understanding and fun!
Per Lorentzen did from that basis underline the need to replace a "I psychology" with "We-psychology". The emphasis is not on the parent (therapist) nor the child/client. But the emphasis is on the room in between: The communication - the dialogue and something we have in common - which is ours. He continues that he is not that much interested in discussing symptoms and behavior. "To have a problem in communication, there needs to be two parties", he says. That means the focus is not who is wrong, guilty etc. The focus is on the possibilities, what we can achieve together. And it is through communication (and dialogue) we learn to understand ourselves and the outside world.
And in that understanding, finding the "wavelength", we find peace. Unwanted behavior is being transformed into constructive and rewarding interaction. The screaming, banging or whatever, is being changed into something that is need satisfying for all parties.